Accident & Emergency

Ishami ry'ibyihutirwa ryakira kandi rivura abarwayi barembye cyangwa abakomeretse ku manywa na nijoro.

Umuforomo atondekanya vuba abarwayi bageze mu ivuriro akurikije uburemere bw'uko bameze, kugira ngo abarembye cyane babanze kwitabwaho.

Hasuzumwa ku murongo inzira y'umwuka, guhumeka, uruzenguruko rw'amaraso, imikorere y'ubwonko n'umubiri wose (ABCDE) kugira ngo hamenyekane ibishyira ubuzima bw'umurwayi mu kaga.

Umurwayi akandagirwa ku gituza, agahumekeshwa kandi agahabwa imiti y'ibyihutirwa kugira ngo umutima wahagaze wongere gukora.

Inzira y'umwuka irafungurwa igakomeza kuba isukuye hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuryamisha umurwayi n'ibikoresho bibifasha.

Umurwayi ahumekeshwa n'intoki binyuze mu gapfukamunwa igihe adashobora guhumeka bihagije.

Ibicurane, amaraso cyangwa ibiruka bikururwa mu kanwa no mu muhogo kugira ngo umurwayi yongere guhumeka neza.

Umurwayi ahabwa ogisijeni binyuze mu tuyoboro tw'izuru, mu gapfukamunwa cyangwa mu ruhago, igihe ogisijeni mu maraso yagabanutse cyane.

Umutima ukubitwa amashanyarazi apimwe kugira ngo usubire gutera neza igihe utera nabi ku buryo bwahitana umurwayi.

Umutima, umuvuduko w'amaraso, guhumeka, ubushyuhe n'urugero rwa ogisijeni mu maraso bipimwa kenshi kandi bikandikwa.

Umwanda n'inyama zapfuye birakurwamo, igikomere kikogejwe n'amazi asukuye hanyuma kikapfukwa n'igitambaro kidafite mikorobe.

Igikomere gifungwa kikadodwa umurwayi amaze guhabwa umuti uca ububabare aho hantu, kugira ngo amaraso ahagarare kandi gikire.

Amaraso ahagarikwa hakandagirwa ku gikomere, hakuzuzwamo igitambaro, hakoreshejwe umukandara ukanyiza cyangwa uw'ikibuno.

Urugingo rwavunitse ruhambirwa ku ruti kugira ngo ububabare, kuva amaraso n'ibindi byangirika bigabanuke.

Plasta ishyirwa ku gufwa rimaze gusubizwa mu mwanya waryo kugira ngo rifate neza mu gihe rikira.

Ingingo yakutse isubizwa mu mwanya wayo umurwayi amaze guhabwa imiti ica ububabare cyangwa imusinziriza.

Hasuzumwa uburyo ubushye bwinjiye mu ruhu n'ingano y'ahafashwe, hanyuma ubushye bugakonjeshwa, bugapfukwa naho umurwayi agahabwa amazi mu mitsi.

Ubushobozi bwo kumenya n'imboni z'amaso birasuzumwa bigahabwa amanota ya Glasgow, kugira ngo hafatwe icyemezo cyo kumukurikirana, kumufotora cyangwa kumwohereza.

Umurwayi ashyirwaho igikoresho gifata ijosi akanafatwa n'amaboko kugira ngo ijosi ritanyeganyega, kugeza hemejwe ko umugongo utakomeretse.

Umurwayi wahuye n'impanuka asuzumwa umubiri wose, agatabarwa kandi ibikomere yagize byose bikavurwa.

Isuzuma ryihuse rya FAST rikoresha imashini y'amashusho rikorerwa ku buriri, kugira ngo harebwe niba hari amaraso yamenetse mu nda, mu gatuza cyangwa hafi y'umutima.

Umurwayi ahabwa urukingo rw'agakwega, akongererwa n'umuti urinda iyo bikenewe, nyuma y'igikomere gifite umwanda cyangwa cyimbitse.

Umurwayi ahabwa artesunate mu mitsi, isukari n'ubundi buvuzi bumushyigikira, hanyuma akarwazwa cyangwa akoherezwa byihutirwa ku buvuzi bwo hejuru.

Isukari yagabanutse mu maraso ikosorwa ako kanya hatangwa isukari mu mitsi, hanyuma hagashakishwa icyabiteye.

Umurwayi ahabwa amazi mu mitsi, insuline na potasiyumu, akurikiranwa hafi ku isukari n'imyunyu ngugu y'umubiri, kubera ingaruka zikomeye za diyabete.

Umuvuduko w'amaraso wazamutse cyane ugabanywa buhoro kandi ugenzurwa kugira ngo ubwonko, umutima n'impyiko bitangirika.

Umurwayi ahabwa incuro nyinshi imiti yagurura inzira z'umwuka, imiti igabanya ububyimbe na ogisijeni kugeza ahumetse neza.

Umurwayi ahabwa imiti yagurura inzira z'umwuka, imiti igabanya ububyimbe, antibiyotike na ogisijeni ipimwe, igihe indwara y'ibihaha idakira yiyongereye.

Umurwayi ahita aterwa adrenaline mu mikaya, agahabwa amazi mu mitsi na ogisijeni, hanyuma agakurikiranwa.

Umurwayi ahabwa imiti ihagarika kugagara kumaze igihe kirekire, kugira ngo ubwonko butangirika.

Gucika intege k'uruhande rumwe cyangwa kubura ijwi bihita bimenyekana, umurwayi agahita yoherezwa byihutirwa gufotorwa ubwonko.

Umurwayi akorerwa ECG, agahabwa asipirine, ogisijeni n'imiti ica ububabare, hanyuma akoherezwa byihutirwa ku buvuzi bw'umutima.

Umurwayi yicazwa, agahabwa ogisijeni, imiti yihutisha inkari n'iyagurura imitsi, kugira ngo amazi ave mu bihaha.

Uburozi buramenyekana, kwinjira kwabwo mu mubiri bugabanywa, hanyuma umurwayi agahabwa umuti ubukuraho n'ubundi buvuzi bumushyigikira.

Urugingo rwarumwe ruhagarikwa kunyeganyega, hakarebwa niba uburozi bwinjiye, hanyuma umurwayi agahabwa umuti urwanya uburozi bw'inzoka akanakurikiranwa.

Umurwayi ahabwa amazi menshi vuba mu mitsi akanakurikiranwa, kugeza uruzenguruko rw'amaraso rusubiye mu buryo busanzwe.

Hafatwa ingero z'amaraso, umurwayi agahabwa antibiyotike mu isaha imwe, akanahabwa amazi mu mitsi iyo umuvuduko w'amaraso waguye.

Amaraso ava ahagarikwa kandi umubiri ugasubizwamo amazi n'amaraso, mu gihe impamvu yabiteye ishakishwa.

Hasuzumwa isukari, ogisijeni, ubwandu n'uburozi kugira ngo bikurweho, mu gihe inzira y'umwuka irindwa.

Igikomere cyogejwe neza n'amazi n'isabune, hanyuma umurwayi agahita atangira urukingo rw'ibisazi.

Umurwayi ashyirwamo isonde kugira ngo inkari zisohoke mu ruhago rwuzuye rumubabaza, ibimenyetso bigahita bigabanuka.

Umubyeyi n'umwana ari mu nda basuzumwa vuba kugira ngo harebwe kuva amaraso, kugagara, kujya ku nda cyangwa kugabanuka kw'imikorere y'umwana.

Umubyeyi ahabwa magnesium sulphate n'imiti igabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso kugira ngo kugagara guhagarare, hanyuma agahita yitabwaho n'abamubyaza.

Umubyeyi ahabwa imiti ikanyiza nyababyeyi, amazi mu mitsi n'amaraso, nyababyeyi ikanakorwagwa mu gihe hategurwa kumwohereza.

Umwana abyazwa neza mu ishami ry'ibyihutirwa igihe kubyara byegereje bidashobora gutegereza.

Kuva amaraso mu ntangiriro z'inda bisuzumwa mu isuzuma no mu mashusho, hanyuma umubyeyi agahabwa ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Uruhinja rutahumeka rwahita ruvuka ruhanagurwa, rugashyushywa, rugakangurwa kandi rugahumekeshwa n'agapfukamunwa.

Umwana urembye asuzumwa ibimenyetso by'akaga hanyuma agatabarwa agahabwa imiti ipimwe ku buremere bwe.

Umurwayi ashyirwamo agapira mu mutsi, akaterwa amazi menshi vuba kugira ngo umuvuduko w'amaraso usubire mu buryo busanzwe.

Urushinge rushyirwa mu gufwa kugira ngo umurwayi ahabwe amazi n'imiti igihe nta mutsi ubonetse.

Imiti ikiza ubuzima nka adrenaline, isukari n'imiti ihagarika kugagara itangwa ako kanya.

Isonde ishyirwa mu ruhago kugira ngo inkari zisohoke kandi ingano yazo ipimwe buri saha.

Umuyoboro unyuzwa mu zuru ukagera mu gifu kugira ngo ibikirimo bikurwemo cyangwa umurwayi anyuzemo imiti.

Igifu cyozwa bidatinze umuntu amaze kunywa uburozi bukomeye kugira ngo uburozi bukurwemo.

Umurwayi aterwa byihutirwa amaraso yapimwe akaba ahuye n'aye, igihe ava amaraso menshi cyangwa afite amaraso make cyane.

Isukari mu maraso, hemogolobine, ikizamini cya malariya n'ibindi bizamini byihutirwa bitangirwa ibisubizo mu minota mike.

Urushinge rushyirwa mu gatuza rugasohora umwuka wafashe ukanyiza igihaha, bigatuma umurwayi yongera guhumeka n'amaraso agatembera neza.

Umurwayi amara amasaha make akurikiranwa n'abaforomo kugeza igihe ashobora gutaha nta kaga.

Umurwayi atuzwa kugira ngo ashobore kugenda neza, hanyuma akoherezwa afite urwandiko n'incamake y'uko yavuwe.

Umurwayi yimurwa mu modoka y'ibyihutirwa afite ogisijeni, amazi mu mutsi n'umukozi w'ubuvuzi umukurikirana mu nzira.